Which leader of New France refused to surrender Quebec to the English in 1690?
- Count Frontenac
- Louis-Joseph Papineau
- Marquis de Montcalm
- Samuel de Champlain
Answer: Count Frontenac
In 1690 Count Frontenac refused to surrender Quebec to the English, saying: “My only reply will be from the mouths of my cannons!” With Jean Talon and Bishop Laval, he was one of the leaders who built New France into a large empire. Montcalm came much later, in 1759.
Learn more: Royal New France
- In 1604 Pierre de Monts and Samuel de Champlain founded the first European settlement north of Florida, first on St. Croix Island (now in Maine), then at Port-Royal in Acadia (now Nova Scotia).
- In 1608 Champlain built a fortress at what is now Québec City.
- Champlain allied the colony with the Algonquin, Montagnais and Huron, who were historic enemies of the Iroquois.
- The Iroquois were a confederation of five (later six) First Nations. They fought the French for about 100 years. The French and the Iroquois made peace in 1701.
- The French and Aboriginal peoples worked together in the fur trade, driven by European demand for beaver pelts.
- Jean Talon, Bishop Laval and Count Frontenac built a French empire in North America from Hudson Bay to the Gulf of Mexico.
- In 1690 Count Frontenac refused to surrender Quebec to the English: “My only reply will be from the mouths of my cannons!”
- Pierre Le Moyne, Sieur d’Iberville, was a hero of New France who won many victories over the English, from James Bay to Nevis in the Caribbean.